2004 Policy Conference Speakers

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Lael Brainard
Senior Fellow
Brookings Institution

Expertise:
Biotechnology, foreign direct investment, globalization, international development, international debt policy, trade negotiations and disputes, U.S.- Asia trade, U.S.-Europe economic relations, U.S.-Japan economic relations, U.S. - Latin America trade

Background:
Deputy National Economic Adviser and Deputy Assistant to the President for International Economics (Clinton Administration); Personal Representative (Sherpa) of the President to the G7/8; Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for International Economic Policy; Associate Professor of Applied Economics, MIT Sloan School; Consultant, Harvard Institute for International Development and Ford Foundation, Senegal; Senior Analyst, McKinsey and Co.

Education: Ph.D, Harvard University, 1989; M.A., Harvard University, 1989; B.A., Wesleyan University, 1983.

Roger E. Brinner
Partner & Chief Economist
The Parthenon Group

Dr. Brinner is a distinguished economist and business advisor to corporations and governments. He frequently testifies before Congress on budget, taxation, and monetary policy issues and served previously as Senior Staff Economist in the Council of Economic Advisors. He has been a professor at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and led the preeminent economic research group, Standard & Poors / Data Resources (for more than 20 years). Dr. Brinner holds a B.A. from Kalamazoo College and a Ph.D. in Economics from Harvard University.

Rick Clayton
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Ben Cutler
Chairman
Fortis Health

Ben Cutler is Executive Vice President, Fortis, Inc. and Chairman, Fortis Health. Mr. Cutler has over 30 years of experience in the insurance industry. Mr. Cutler served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Fortis Health from 1996- 2002.

Before joining Fortis in 1985, Mr. Cutler held various positions at Sun Life Group of America and USLIFE Corporation. Mr. Cutler currently serves as Chairman of the board of directors of HIAA (Health Insurance Association of America).

He holds a bachelor's degree from Kansas University and a master's degree in business administration from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.

Mr. Cutler serves on the board of the Wellness Councils of America.

Eric M. Engen
Resident Scholar
American Enterprise Institute

Eric Engen researches Social Security, tax and budget policy, household saving, pension funds, mutual funds, and the U.S. economy. He was a former section chief and senior economist at the Federal Reserve Board.

Professional Experience
-Section chief, Division of Research and Statistics, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 2001-2002
-Lecturer, The Johns Hopkins University, 1998-2000
-Lecturer, Center for American Politics and Public Policy (Washington, D.C.), University of California, Los Angeles, 1994-1995
-Economist and senior economist, Division of Research and Statistics, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 1993-2000
-Faculty research fellow, National Bureau of Economic Research, 1993-1997
-Associated staff, The Brookings Institution, 1992-1993
-Assistant professor, Department of Economics, University of California, Los Angeles, 1990-1994

Education
Ph.D., economics, University of Virginia
B.S., natural resources economics, University of Maryland

Greg Fager
Institute for International Finance, Inc.

Kristin Forbes
Member
Council of Economic Advisers

Kristin Forbes was confirmed by the Senate as a Member of the President’s Council of Economic Advisers in October of 2003. She is the youngest person to ever hold this position. Forbes is on leave from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Sloan School of Management, where she is the Mitsubishi Career Development Chair and Associate Professor of International Management. During 2001-2002 Forbes worked in the U.S. Treasury Department as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Quantitative Policy Analysis, Latin American and Caribbean Nations. At the start of 2003 she was honored as one of the “Global Leaders for Tomorrow” as part of the World Economic Forum at Davos.

Forbes’ research addresses a number of important policy-related questions in international finance and development economics. Her recent work examines the impact of capital controls on investment decisions, as well as the effect of currency depreciations and financial crises on companies around the globe. Forbes has also written extensively on stock market contagion (such as the paper “No Contagion, Only Interdependence: Measuring Stock Market Comovements,” Journal of Finance, 2002) and recently co-edited a book International Financial Contagion (2001). Forbes’ other research explores the relationship between income inequality and economic growth, such as the article "A Reassessment of the Relationship Between Inequality and Growth" (American Economic Review, 2000). Forbes was awarded the Milken Award for Distinguished Economic Research in 2000.

Forbes is currently a faculty research fellow at the National Bureau of Economic Research. She was honored as Sloan School of Management's "Teacher of the Year" in 2001. She has recently been a visiting scholar at the U.S. Federal Reserve Board, Indian Council of Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER) and International Monetary Fund (IMF). Prior to joining MIT, Forbes worked in the investment banking division at Morgan Stanley, in the policy research department at the World Bank, and in the economics group at Fleet Financial Institutions.

Forbes received her PhD in Economics at MIT in 1998, where she won the Solow Prize for excellence in teaching and research. She obtained her BA, summa cum laude with highest honors from Williams College in 1992.

Harvey J. Goldschmid
Commissioner
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

Harvey J. Goldschmid is a Commissioner at the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. He is on leave from the Columbia University School of Law, where he serves as Dwight Professor of Law. He has served as Dwight Professor since 1984, and was an Assistant Professor (1970-71), an Associate Professor (1971-73), and a Professor of Law (1973-84) at Columbia. In 1998-99, Professor Goldschmid served as General Counsel (chief legal officer) of the SEC, and from January 1 to July 15, 2000, he was Special Senior Advisor to SEC Chairman Arthur Levitt.

Professor Goldschmid is the author of numerous publications on corporate, securities, and antitrust law. He is a frequent lecturer at national and international legal programs and seminars. He received the 1999 Chairman's Award for Excellence from the SEC, and several teaching awards, including Columbia Law School's Willis L.M. Reese Award for Excellence in Teaching in both 1996 and 1997.

From 1980-93, Professor Goldschmid served as a Reporter for the American Law Institute's Corporate Governance Project. From 2000-01, he served as Chair of the Nominating Committee, and in 1998, completed a term as Treasurer and a member of the Executive Committee (i.e., Board of Directors) of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York, where Professor Goldschmid previously served as Chair of the Executive Committee, Chair of the Committee on Securities Regulation, and Chair of the Committee on Antitrust and Trade Regulation. He also has served as Chair of the Section on Antitrust and Economic Regulation of the Association of American Law Schools and as Founding Director of Columbia University's Center for Law and Economic Studies. He served in 1997-98 as a consultant to both the Federal Trade Commission and the SEC, and during this period, was a member of the Legal Advisory Committee (and Chair of its Subcommittee on Corporate Governance) of the New York Stock Exchange.

Professor Goldschmid received his J.D. , magna cum laude, from the Columbia University School of Law in 1965 and a B.A., also magna cum laude, from Columbia College in 1962. He was Articles Editor of the Columbia Law Review and a member of Phi Beta Kappa. His publications include Cases and Materials on Trade Regulation (4th ed. 1997) (with Handler, Pitofsky, and Wood); The Impact of the Modern Corporation (1984) (with Bock, Millstein, and Scherer); Business Disclosure: Government's Need to Know (1979); and Industrial Concentration: The New Learning (1974) (with Mann and Weston).

John Goodman
Chair
Health Economics Roundtable
President
National Center for Policy Analysis

John C. Goodman, Ph.D. founded the NCPA in 1983 and has served as President since the center's inception. The Wall Street Journal called Dr. Goodman "the father of Medical Savings Accounts," and National Journal declared him "winner of the devolution derby" because his ideas on ways to transfer power from government to the people have had a significant impact on Capitol Hill.

Dr. Goodman is the author of seven books, including Economics of Public Policy, a widely used college textbook, and Patient Power: Solving America's Health Care Crisis, the condensed version of which sold 300,000 copies and is credited with playing a pivotal role in the defeat of the Clinton administration's plan to overhaul the U.S. health care system.

He has authored numerous editorials in The Wall Street Journal, USA Today, Investor's Business Daily, Los Angeles Times, The Dallas Morning News, Houston Chronicle and The San Diego Union-Tribune, and other papers.

Dr. Goodman regularly appears on television news programs, including the PBS program DebatesDebates, The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer and The Wall Street Journal Report. He has been a debater on several of William F. Buckley Jr.'s Firing Line shows, and has appeared on a number of two-hour prime time debates, including debates on the flat tax, welfare reform and Social Security privatization.

He regularly briefs members of Congress on economic policy issues and frequently testifies before congressional committees.

He is author/co-author of more than 50 published studies on such topics as health policy, tax reform and school choice.

Dr. Goodman has an active speaking schedule and has addressed more than 100 different organizations on public policy issues.

He received the prestigious Duncan Black award in 1988 for the best scholarly article on public choice economics.

Dr. Goodman received a Ph.D. in economics from Columbia University. He has taught and done research at several colleges and universities including Columbia University, Stanford University, Dartmouth University, Southern Methodist University and the University of Dallas.

Britton Harris
Chief Investment Officer
Verizon Investment Manager
Vice Chair, Committee on Investment of Employee Benefit Assets

Britt Harris is president and chief investment officer for Verizon Investment Management Corporation, a registered investment advisor subsidiary of Verizon Communications. Britt and his company are responsible for the management of approximately $60 billion in assets, held for more than twenty separate investment programs. Britt's responsibilities include policy setting, organizational oversight and the Fund's aggregate performance. He oversees a large internal management effort, a global research capability, and an extensive network of investment management relationships, in a company with comprehensive operational and risk management skills.

Britt has received several awards during his 17-year investment career, including a designation as one of 40 younger investors most likely to influence U.S. financial markets in the years ahead. He has also been included on many lists recognizing the world's most respected pension fund sponsors. Britt currently sits on several Board's and advisory committees including the New York Stock Exchange Advisory Committee and Texas A&M's Finance Advisory Board. Britt is also the Vice Chairman of the Council for the Investment of Employee Benefit assets.

Prior to joining Verizon Britt was a Managing Director for Asea, Brown Boveri with responsibility for pension investment programs in more than 20 countries.

Britt graduated from Texas A&M and resides in Ridgefield, Connecticut with his wife and their four children.

Douglas Holtz-Eakin
Director
Congressional Budget Office

Douglas Holtz-Eakin is the sixth Director of the Congressional Budget Office, where he was appointed for a four-year term beginning February 3, 2003. Dr. Holtz-Eakin previously served for 18 months as Chief Economist for the President's Council of Economic Advisers, where he also served as Senior Staff Economist in 1989 and 1990.

Dr. Holtz-Eakin is Trustee Professor of Economics at the Maxwell School, Syracuse University, where he has served as Chairman of the Department of Economics and Associate Director of the Center for Policy Research. He also has served as editor of the National Tax Journal, associate editor of the Journal of Human Resources, and as a member of the editorial board for Economics and Politics, Journal of Sports Economics, Regional Science and Urban Economics, and Public Works Management and Policy.

In the past, he has held academic appointments at Columbia University and Princeton University. Since 1985 he has been a faculty research fellow and research associate for the National Bureau of Economic Research. From 1996 to 1998 he served as a member of the Economics Advisory Panel to the National Science Foundation. He also has worked as a visiting scholar at the American Enterprise Institute. He has been a consultant to the New Jersey State and Local Expenditure and Revenue Policy Commission, the State of Arizona Joint Select Committee on State Revenues and Expenditures, and the New York State Office for the Aging. He has served as a member of the Board of Economic Advisers for the Ways and Means Committee, as well as the Executive Director, Tax Study Commission, New York State Assembly.

Dr. Holtz-Eakin has a long-standing and broad interest in the economics of public policy. He has studied the role of federal taxes in home ownership, the contribution of inventories to the business cycle, and a wide variety of topics in state and local government finance. Much of his research has centered on the economics of fundamental tax reform, productivity effects of public infrastructure; income mobility in the United States; and the role of families, capital markets, health insurance, and tax policy in the start-up and survival of entrepreneurial ventures.

Mr. Kandarian is the former Executive Director of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), a self-financing government corporation that provides insurance for defined benefit pension plans nationwide. The PBGC administers two insurance programs covering more than 44 million workers in just over 31,000 plans.

As Executive Director, Mr. Kandarian was responsible for the Corporation's operations that involve assets of more than $33 billion, benefit payments of more than $2.5 billion, and benefit obligations to some 934,000 workers and retirees in more than 3,200 pension plans.

Prior to joining PBGC, Mr. Kandarian was founder and managing director of Orion Partners, L.P., Wellesley, Mass., where he managed a private equity fund specializing in venture capital and corporate acquisitions. Before establishing Orion Partners, Mr. Kandarian was managing director of Lee Capital Holdings, a private equity firm based in Boston.

Previously, Mr. Kandarian was an investment banker with Rotan Mosle, Inc., Houston, where he specialized in mergers and acquisitions and initial public offerings. Earlier in his career, he served as an economist with the U.S. Civil Aeronautics Board in Washington.

Mr. Kandarian holds a B.A. in Economics from Clark University, a J.D. from the Georgetown University Law Center and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School.

Donald L. Kohn
Member, Board of Governors
Federal Reserve System

Donald L. Kohn took office on August 5, 2002, as a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a full term ending January 31, 2016.

Dr. Kohn was born on November 7, 1942, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He received a B.A. in economics in 1964 from the College of Wooster and a Ph.D. in economics in 1971 from the University of Michigan.

Dr. Kohn is a veteran of the Federal Reserve System. Before becoming a member of the Board, he served on its staff as Adviser to the Board for Monetary Policy (2001-02), Secretary of the Federal Open Market Committee (1987-2002), Director of the Division of Monetary Affairs (1987-2001), and Deputy Staff Director for Monetary and Financial Policy (1983-87). He also held several positions in the Board's Division of Research and Statistics--Associate Director (1981-83), Chief of Capital Markets (1978-81), and Economist (1975-78). Dr. Kohn began his career as a Financial Economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City (1970-75).

Dr. Kohn has written extensively on issues related to monetary policy and its implementation by the Federal Reserve. These works were published in volumes issued by various organizations, including the Federal Reserve System, the Bank of England, the Reserve Bank of Australia, the Bank of Japan, the Bank of Korea, the National Bureau of Economic Research, and the Brookings Institution.

He was awarded the Distinguished Achievement Award from The Money Marketeers of New York University (2002) and the Distinguished Alumni Award from the College of Wooster (1998).

Dr. Kohn and his wife, Gail, have two children, Laura and Jeffrey, both married.

Robert Kuttner
Co-Editor
The American Prospect

Robert Kuttner is co-founder and co-editor of The American Prospect. He writes regularly for the magazine about a variety of issues, often focusing on domestic and international economic policy.

Bob is the author of six books: Everything for Sale: The Virtues and Limits of Markets (1997); The End of Laissez-Faire (1991); The Life of the Party (1987); The Economic Illusion (1984); Revolt of the Haves (1980); and Family Re-union (2002), co-authored with his late wife, Sharland Trotter. He is working on a new book on deregulation and the stock market collapse.

He is one of five contributing columnists to Business Week's "Economic Viewpoint." His weekly editorial column originates in The Boston Globe and is syndicated nationally to about 20 major daily papers. It appears Thursdays on the Prospect website.

He has contributed major articles to The New England Journal of Medicine as a national policy correspondent. His work has also appeared in The New York Times Magazine and The New York Times Book Review, The Atlantic Monthly, The New Republic, The New Yorker, Dissent, and Harvard Business Review. His occasional commentaries are heard on National Public Radio. He has also appeared frequently on Firing Line, Crossfire, Nightline and the PBS News Hour.

Bob has taught at Brandeis University, Boston University, the University of Massachusetts and Harvard University's Institute of Politics. He has been a John F. Kennedy Fellow at Harvard, a Woodrow Wilson Fellow at the University of California at Berkeley, a Guggenheim Fellow, and a Radcliffe Public Policy Fellow. His editorial column was the winner of the John Hancock Award for excellence in business and financial journalism. Bob also received the Jack London Award for labor journalism.

He is one of five co-founders of the Economic Policy Institute, and serves on its board. He was the 1996 winner of the Paul Hoffman Award for Human Development of the United Nations, for his work on the relationship of economic efficiency to social equality. His book Everything for Sale was the 1997 winner of the Sidney Hillman Award.

Previously, he served as economics editor of The New Republic, chief investigator for the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, a national staff writer at The Washington Post in the Watergate era, and executive director of President Carter's National Commission on Neighborhoods. Earlier in his career, he worked as assistant to I.F. Stone, as a correspondent, program director and station manager for Pacifica Radio, and as Washington Editor of the Village Voice.

Bob Kuttner was educated at Oberlin College, the University of California at Berkeley and the London School of Economics. He has an honorary doctorate from Swarthmore College.

He is married to Joan Fitzgerald, an urban planner who directs the program on law, policy and society at Northeastern University. He is the father of two grown children, Gabriel, who is an actor in London; and Jessica who works as a counselor for troubled teens at a Massachusetts residential school.

Nicholas R. Lardy
Senior Fellow
Institute for International Economics

Nicholas R. Lardy, senior fellow at the Institute for International Economics, was a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies Program at the Brookings Institution from 1995 to 2003 and also served as interim director of Foreign Policy Studies in 2001. He was the director of the Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies at the University of Washington from 1991 to 1995. From 1997 through the spring of 2000, he was the Frederick Frank Adjunct Professor of International Trade and Finance at the Yale University School of Management.

While at the University of Washington, Dr. Lardy was a professor of international studies since 1985 and an associate professor from 1983 to 1985. He was also the chair of the China Program there from 1984 to 1989. He was an assistant and associate professor of economics at Yale University from 1975 to 1983.

He has written numerous articles and books on the Chinese economy. His current major project analyzes the strategic implications of deepening China-Taiwan economic relations. His most recent book, Integrating China into the Global Economy, which was published in January 2002, explores whether reforms in China's economy and its foreign trade and exchange rate systems following China's WTO entry will integrate it much more deeply in the world economy. In September 1998, he published China's Unfinished Economic Revolution, a study that evaluates the reform of China's banking system and measures the economic consequences of deferring reform in the state-owned sector.

Some of his other publications include "China and the Asian Contagion," Foreign Affairs 77, no. 4 (July/August 1998); "The Role of Foreign Trade and Investment in China’s Economic Transformation," The China Quarterly, no. 144 (December 1995); China in the World Economy (Institute for International Economics, 1994); "Chinese Foreign Trade" The China Quarterly, no. 131 (September 1992); Foreign Trade and Economic Reform in China, 1978-1990 (Cambridge University Press, 1992, paperback, 1993); Agriculture in China's Modern Economic Development (Cambridge University Press, 1983); and Economic Growth and Distribution in China (Cambridge University Press, 1978).

He serves on the Board of Directors and Executive Committee of the National Committee on United States-China Relations and is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. He is also on the editorial boards of The China Quarterly, the Journal of Asian Business, the China Review, and the China Economic Review.

He received his BA from the University of Wisconsin in 1968 and his PhD from the University of Michigan in 1975, both in economics.

Gregory Mankiw
Chair
Council of Economic Advisers

Dr. N. Gregory Mankiw was appointed by the President and sworn into office as Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers on May 29, 2003.

Dr. Mankiw is on leave from Harvard University where he is Professor of Economics. As a student, he studied economics at Princeton University and MIT. As a teacher, he has taught macroeconomics, microeconomics, statistics, and principles of economies. He even spent one summer long ago as a sailing instructor on Long Beach Island

Dr. Mankiw is a prolific writer and a regular participant in academic and policy debates. His research includes work on price adjustment, consumer behavior, financial markets, monetary and fiscal policy, and economic growth. His published articles have appeared in academic journals, such as the American Economic Review, Journal of Political Economy, and Quarterly Journal of Economics, and in more widely accessible forums, such as The New York Times, The Financial Times, The Wall Street Journal, and Fortune.

He has written two popular textbooks - the intermediate-level textbook "Macroeconomics" (Worth Publishers) and the introductory textbook "Principles of Economics" (South- Western/Thomson), Together, these two books have sold about a million copies and have been translated into seventeen languages. In addition to his teaching, research, and writing, Professor Mankiw is a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research, an adviser to the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston and the Congressional Budget Office, and a member of the ETS test development committee for the advanced placement exam in economics. Dr. Mankiw lives in Wellesley, Massachusetts, with his wife and three children.

Catherine Mann
Senior Fellow
Institute for International Economics

Dr. Catherine L. Mann has been a Senior Fellow at the Institute for International Economics since 1997. Previously, she served in policymaking institutions in Washington, including at the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, President's Council of Economic Advisors at the White House, and the World Bank.

Her current areas of research include:

• How Long the Strong Dollar? Underpinnings and consequences of the large US current account deficit and capital account surplus, including the topics of services liberalization, productivity and technology, international portfolio flows, and the dollar exchange rate.

• A New Round for a New Economy? Policy challenges and business opportunities of the Internet, particularly how the tension between the global marketplace of commerce and local jurisdiction of policy plays out in the areas of taxation, privacy, intellectual property, and trade negotiations.

Her coauthored book, APEC and the New Economy, was presented to and endorsed by Leaders at the APEC Summit in Shanghai in October 2001. The book addresses what the New Economy is, how it is affecting APEC economies, particularly with respect to trade competitiveness, and what should be APEC policymakers’ agenda for action.

She is coauthor of Global Electronic Commerce: A Policy Primer, published in 2000. Using general analysis and specific examples from field research in more than 10 countries, it addresses how the Internet and electronic commerce affect policymaking, particularly with regard to achieving quality infrastructure and to meet the challenges of taxation, privacy, security, intellectual property, and trade negotiations.

Published in 1999, Is the US Trade Deficit Sustainable? answers perennial questions about the impact of global integration on the US economy, the prospects for sustained capital inflows, and the dollar’s exchange value.

In addition to her work at the Institute, Dr. Mann is Adjunct Professor of Management at the Owen School of Management at Vanderbilt University (on leave), and is currently teaching at the Johns Hopkins School for Advanced International Studies. Dr. Mann received her PhD in Economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and her undergraduate degree from Harvard University.

Tom Nardone
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Thomas Nardone is the Chief of Division of Labor Force Statistics at the Bureau of Labor Statistics. He has worked at the Bureau 27 years. His duties include overseeing the preparation of the Bureau's monthly Employment Situation news release and acting as the program manager for the Current Population Survey and the American Time Use Survey at BLS. He is a graduate of King's College.

Peter R. Orszag
Senior Fellow
Brookings Institution

Expertise
Aging, budget policy and politics, climate change, demographics, education policy, income distribution, financial markets, macroeconomics, pensions, poverty, privatization, Social Security, tax policy

Current Projects
State fiscal policy and higher education; homeland security; Social Security; Retirement Saving

Education
Ph.D. (1997), M.Sc. (1992), London School of Economics; A.B., Princeton University, 1991

Background
Previous Positions: Lecturer, University of California at Berkeley (1999-2000); Special Assistant to the President for Economic Policy (1997-1998); Senior Economist and Senior Adviser, Council of Economic Advisers (1995-1996); Staff Economist, Council of Economic Advisers (1993-1994); economic adviser to Russian Government (1992-1993)

Donald E. Powell
Chair
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Mr. Powell was sworn in as the 18th Chairman of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) on August 29, 2001.

Prior to being named Chairman of the FDIC by President George W. Bush, Mr. Powell was President and CEO of The First National Bank of Amarillo. A life-long Texan, Mr. Powell has more than thirty years of experience in the financial services industry.

He has served on a variety of boards, including Chairman of the Board of Regents of the Texas A&M University System, Advisory Board Member of the George Bush School of Government and Public Service, and Chairman of the Amarillo Chamber of Commerce.

Mr. Powell also has a long history of community service, ranging from the City of Amarillo Housing Board to the Franklin Lindsay Student Aid Fund and Cal Farley's Boys Ranch. He also has served on the boards of High Plains Baptist Hospital and the Harrington Regional Medical Center.

He received his Bachelor of Science degree in Economics from West Texas State University and is a graduate of The Southwestern Graduate School of Banking at Southern Methodist University.

Mr. Powell and his wife Twanna are the parents of two grown sons.

Uwe E. Reinhardt
James Madison Professor of Political Economy; Professor of Economics and Public Affairs
Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University

Recognized as one of the nation’s leading authorities on health care economics, Reinhardt has been a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences since 1978. He is a past president of the Association of Health Services Research. From 1986 to 1995 he served as a commissioner on the Physician Payment Review Committee, established in 1986 by Congress to advise it on issues related to the payment of physicians. He is a senior associate of the Judge Institute for Management of Cambridge University, UK, and a trustee of Duke University, and the Duke University Health System. Reinhardt is or was a member of numerous editorial boards, among them the Journal of Health Economics, the Milbank Memorial Quarterly, Health Affairs, the New England Journal of Medicine, and the Journal of the American Medical Association. Ph.D. Yale University.

Harvey Rosenblum
Director of Research
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas

Harvey Rosenblum is senior vice president and director of research at the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. In this capacity, he serves as economic policy advisor to the Bank's president and as an associate economist for the Federal Open Market Committee, which formulates the nation's monetary policy.

Rosenblum is also the immediate past president of the National Association for Business Economics (NABE), a prestigious trade association whose 3,000 members are the leading business economists in the United States and many other countries. Past presidents of NABE include several Federal Reserve Presidents as well as Fed Chairman Alan Greenspan.

A widely recognized expert on both the national and Texas economies, Rosenblum has written articles for such publications as The Journal of Finance, New York Times, Southwest Economy and The Handbook of Banking Strategy.

Active in economic education, Rosenblum is a visiting professor of finance and economics at Southern Methodist University, teaching courses in contemporary issues on monetary policy and financial institutions and markets.

Rosenblum received a B.A. in economics from the University of Connecticut in 1965 and a Ph.D. in economics from the University of California, Santa Barbara, in 1972.

He began his career with the Federal Reserve in 1970 as an economist with the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, advancing through the ranks to vice president and associate director of research in 1983. He was also a visiting professor of finance with DePaul University from 1973 until 1985. In 1985, he joined the Dallas Fed as senior vice president and director of research.

His current research interests focus on monetary policy, electronic money, social security reform, international trade and dollarization in Latin America.

Dallas Salisbury
President and CEO
Employee Benefit Research Institute

Dallas Salisbury is President and CEO of the Employee Benefit Research Institute (EBRI), in Washington, DC. EBRI was founded in 1978 to provide objective, unbiased information regarding the employee benefit system and related economic security issues. The objective: that decisions be made based on verifiable facts. Dallas joined EBRI at its founding in 1978.

EBRI has earned widespread regard as an organization that "tells it like it is." The Institute does not lobby and does not advocate or oppose any policy position. Its mission: “to contribute to, encourage, and enhance the development of sound employee benefit programs and sound public policy through objective research and education.” The Institute provides information that is central to financial and human resources planning and to public policy analysis.

Dallas is also chairman and CEO of the American Savings Education Council (ASEC), and the Consumer Health Education Council (CHEC). Both are partnerships of public- and private-sector institutions that undertake initiatives to raise public awareness regarding what is needed to ensure long-term economic and health security. ASEC and CHEC are part of the EBRI Education and Research Fund.

Dallas is currently a member of a number of commissions, study panels and serves on many editorial advisory boards. Dallas is a Fellow of the National Academy of Human Resources, the recipient of the 1997 Award for Professional Excellence from the Society for Human Resource Management, and the 1998 Keystone Award of “WorldatWork” (formerly the American Compensation Association). He has served on the Secretary of Labor's ERISA Advisory Council, the Presidential PBGC Advisory Committee. He currently serves as a member of the Advisory Committee to the Comptroller to the United States, the 2001 Board of Directors for the Society of Human Resource Management, and on the GAO Advisory Group on Social Security and Retirement. Dallas was one of 39 statutory delegates to the 1998 National Summit on Retirement Savings hosted by the President and Congressional Leaders, where the EBRI/ASEC 'Choose to Save' education campaign was featured. He has written and lectured extensively on economic security topics, including 21 books and over 100 book chapters and articles. His most recent books are “IRA and 401(k) Investing” and “Managing Money in Retirement”, both published in 2001 by Dorling Kindersley, and co-authored with Marc Robinson.

Prior to joining EBRI, Dallas held full-time positions with the Washington State Legislature, the U.S. Department of Justice, the Employee Benefits Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor, and the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC). He holds a B.A. degree in finance from the University of Washington and an M.A. in public administration from the Maxwell School at Syracuse University.

Jeffrey J. Schott
Senior Fellow
Institute for International Economics

During his tenure at the Institute, Mr. Schott has also been a Visiting Lecturer at Princeton University (1994) and an adjunct professor at Georgetown University (1986-88). Previously, Mr. Schott was a senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (1982-83), and an official of the US Treasury Department (1974-1982) in the areas of international trade and energy policy. During the Tokyo Round of multilateral trade negotiations, he was a member of the US delegation that negotiated the GATT Subsidies Code.

Mr. Schott is the author, coauthor, or editor of several recent books on trade, including Prospects for Free Trade in the Americas (2001); Free Trade between Korea and the United States? (2001); NAFTA and the Environment: Seven Years Later (2000); The WTO After Seattle (2000); Launching New Global Trade Talks: An Action Agenda (1998); Restarting Fast Track (1998); The World Trading System: Challenges Ahead (December 1996); WTO 2000: Setting the Course for World Trade (1996); The Uruguay Round: An Assessment (1994); Western Hemisphere Economic Integration (1994); NAFTA: An Assessment (1993); North American Free Trade: Issues and Recommendations (1992); Economic Sanctions Reconsidered: History and Current Policy (second edition, 1990); Completing the Uruguay Round (1990); Free Trade Areas and U.S. Trade Policy (1989); The Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement: The Global Impact (1988); Auction Quotas and United States Trade Policy (1987); and Trading for Growth: The Next Round of Trade Negotiations (1985); as well as numerous articles on US trade policy and the GATT.

Mr. Schott holds a BA degree magna cum laude from Washington University, St. Louis (1971), and an MA degree with distinction in international relations from the School of Advanced International Studies of Johns Hopkins University (1973). He is a past member of the Board of Directors of the International Trade and Finance Association (1993-1995).

Thomas F. Siems
Senior Economist and Policy Advisor
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas

Thomas F. Siems is senior economist and policy advisor at the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. As a member of the free enterprise group, Siems' research focuses primarily on how enabling technologies, particularly the Internet and e-commerce, impact productivity and the economy. He is also a senior lecturer with the Engineering Management, Information and Systems Department in the School of Engineering at Southern Methodist University and an advisory board member of the Cato Institute's Project on Social Security Choice. Siems has published more than 45 articles, some of which have appeared in such journals as The Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, European Journal of Political Economy, Research in Finance, Review of Financial Economics, The Annals of Operations Research, and various Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas publications.

Siems earned a B.S.E. in industrial and operations engineering from the University of Michigan in 1982 and an M.S. and Ph.D. in operations research from Southern Methodist University in 1985 and 1991, respectively. In addition, Siems is a 1989 graduate of the Public Finance Institute at the University of Michigan and a 1991 alumnus of the Graduate School of Banking at Colorado. Siems began his career with the Federal Reserve in 1984.

Siems is active in the Bank's economic education programs and has taught economics, statistics, finance, operations management and other business courses at SMU, LeTourneau University and the University of Dallas.

John Snow
Secretary
Department of the Treasury

President George W. Bush nominated John William Snow to be the 73rd Secretary of the Treasury on January 13, 2003. The United States Senate unanimously confirmed Snow to the position on January 30, 2003 and he was sworn into office on February 3, 2003. As Secretary of the Treasury, Snow works closely with President Bush to strengthen economic growth and create jobs.

Snow was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of CSX Corporation, where he successfully guided the transportation company though a period of tremendous change. During Snow’s twenty years at CSX, he led the Corporation to refocus on its core railroad business, dramatically reduce injuries and train accidents, and improve its financial performance.

Snow’s previous public service includes having served at the Department of Transportation as Administrator of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Deputy Undersecretary, Assistant Secretary for the Governmental Affairs, and Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy, Plans and International Affairs.

Snow’s knowledge of international industry stems from his tenure as Chairman of the Business Roundtable, the foremost business policy group comprised of 250 chief executive officers of the nation's largest companies. During his tenure as Chairman from 1994 through 1996, he played a major role in supporting passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement.

Snow is also recognized as a leading champion of improved corporate governance practices. He is a former co-chairman of the influential Conference Board's Blue-Ribbon Commission on Public Trust and Private Enterprise. He also served as co-chairman of the National Commission on Financial Institution Reform, Recovery and Enforcement in 1992 that made recommendations following the savings and loan crisis.

John Snow was born in Toledo, Ohio, on August 2, 1939, and graduated in 1962 from the University of Toledo. He later earned a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Virginia where he studied under two Nobel Prize winners. Snow graduated with a law degree from the George Washington University in 1967 and then taught economics at the University of Maryland, University of Virginia, as well as law at George Washington. He also served as a Visiting Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute in 1977 and a Distinguished Fellow at the Yale School of Management from 1978 until 1980.

Snow lives in Richmond, Virginia with his wife Carolyn. He has three children and three grandchildren.

David M. Walker
Comptroller General of the United States

David M. Walker became the seventh Comptroller General of the United States and began his 15-year term in 1998. As Comptroller General, Mr. Walker is the nation’s chief accountability officer and head of the U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO).

Before his appointment as Comptroller General, Mr. Walker worked at Arthur Andersen LLP, where he was a partner and global managing director of the human capital services practice based in Atlanta, Georgia. He was also a member of the board of Arthur Andersen Financial Advisors, a registered investment advisor. While a partner at Arthur Andersen, Mr. Walker served as a Public Trustee for Social Security and Medicare. Before joining Arthur Andersen, he was Assistant Secretary of Labor for Pension and Welfare Benefit Programs, and he was Acting Executive Director of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation. His earlier technical, professional, and business experience was with Price Waterhouse, Coopers & Lybrand and Source Services Corporation, an international human resources consulting and search firm.

Mr. Walker serves as Chair of the U.S. Intergovernmental Audit Forum, the U.S. Joint Financial Management Improvement Program, and the Center for Continuous Auditing. He is on the Board of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions and various educational and not-for-profit entities. He is a Fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration and an active member of various professional public service and other organizations. Mr. Walker is the author of two books and has also written numerous articles and opinion letters on a variety of subjects. He is frequently quoted on a range of government and management issues and has been the subject of several cover stories in various national, professional and governmental journals.

Mr. Walker earned his undergraduate degree from Jacksonville University, a Senior Management in Government Certificate in public policy from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, and an Honorary Doctorate in Business Administration from Bryant College. Mr. Walker is a certified public accountant.

Mark J. Warshawsky
Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy
US Department of the Treasury

Mark J. Warshawsky, Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy, was nominated by the President on November 25, 2003 and confirmed by the United States Senate on March 12, 2004. The Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy is advisor to the Treasury Secretary and the Deputy Secretary on all aspects of economic policy. His office is responsible for reporting on current and prospective economic developments and assisting in the determination of appropriate economic policies. His office is also responsible for the review and analysis of both domestic and international economic issues and developments in the financial markets.

Obie Whichard is Chief of the International Investment Division of the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), U.S. Department of Commerce. Over many years, he has been involved in BEA's program to improve and expand its data collection and analytical capacities in the areas of foreign direct investment and international trade in services. He has authored or co-authored numerous papers and articles on these topics, covering such subjects as long-term trends in U.S. direct investment abroad, ownership-based supplements to balance of payments accounts, and measurement issues for trade in services. He has been consulted by the Task Force on Statistics of International Trade in Services in connection with the Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services, with particular regard to the guidelines for statistics on services delivered to international markets through foreign affiliates. He holds a Ph.D. in economics from the University of North Carolina and prior to joining BEA was on the economics faculty of the University of Georgia. He belongs to the American Economic Association and the NBER Conference on Research in Income and Wealth.